
Sino-Soviet Split, 1960-1984
Documents on the growing division and worsening relations between China and the Soviet Union from 1960 onward. For other collections on Sino-Soviet relations, see Making of the Sino-Soviet Alliance, 1945-1950; Sino-Soviet Alliance, 1950-1959; Sino-Soviet Border Conflict, 1969; and Sino-Soviet Rapprochement, 1985-1989. (Image, Mao and Khrushchev, 1958)
-
April 03, 1963
Memorandum of Conversation between Yuri Andropov and the Central Committee of the Romanian Worker’s Party
Soviet politburo member Yuri Andropov and Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej discuss issues concerning the cooperation between the CPSU and the Romanian Worker's party and the two governments. The discussion ranges between economic integration issues, to the Sino-Soviet split, Soviet-Albanian relations, and politico-military cooperation between Warsaw Pact states.
-
April 04, 1963
Cable from the Chinese Embassy in Germany, 'The Opinion of the Former First-Secretary of the German Embassy in China on Sino-German Differences'
Chinese and German diplomats discuss East German policies toward the Sino-Soviet split, criticisms of Stalin, and the situation in Yugoslavia.
-
April 27, 1963
Cable from the Foreign Ministry, 'Questions regarding the German Diplomat wanting to Establish Friendly Relations with China'
The Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs reports that East Germany, which "has served as Khrushchev’s anti-Chinese vanguard," is interested in improving relations with Beijing.
-
May 31, 1963
Secret Telegram from Maneli (Saigon) to Spasowski (Warsaw) [Ciphergram No. 7353]
Report from Polish official in Saigon, Maneli, to Warsaw, on his meeting with Pham Van Dong. Dong describes plans for South Vietnam's future government and neutrality, along with North Vietnam's compliance with the Geneva Accords. Reports that Soviet Ambassador Tovmassian was surprised at the high degree of Chinese participation in Vietnam.
-
July 04, 1963
Transcript of Meeting of the Political Bureau of the CC of Romanian Worker’s Party
The conversation focuses on whether or not to publish declarations made by the Chinese Communist Party and those made by the CPSU. The Romanians are concerned how the people will react to tension between the two communist countries.
-
July 23, 1963
Analysis by the Czechoslovak Foreign Ministry of Chinese-Albanian and Chinese-Yugoslav Relations
This document reviews relations between China and Albania during the 1960s, focusing on political and economic cooperation between the two allies. The author also discusses the relationship between China and Yugoslavia in the 1950s and 1960s. The document shows that Sino-Yugoslav relations have deteriorated due to Chinese criticism of the Albanian brand of Socialism.
-
August 14, 1963
Information by the Czechoslovak Foreign Ministry on the Soviet-Chinese Discussions in Moscow
This document examines Sino-Soviet relations with a focus on a 1963 discussion forum in Moscow. The analysis reveals an ideological and political divide between the two countries. Attached is a document outlining Chinese positions on questions of Socialism and peace and on Soviet-Sino relations.
-
September 05, 1963
Zhou Enlai’s Discussion with a Kenyan African National Federation Delegation (Excerpt)
Zhou Enlai criticizes the Three-Nation Treaty (Limited Test Ban Treaty) of 1963, arguing that it signifies an attempt by the US, UK, and USSR to monopolize nuclear weapons. Enlai warns that the agreement will allow larger nuclear countries to commit “nuclear blackmail” against smaller, non-nuclear countries.
-
September 24, 1963
Report on Visit of the Society of Chinese-Soviet Friendship to the Soviet Union, T. Skvortsov-Tokarin
Report on a tour group of Chinese citizens from the Society of Chinese-Soviet Friendship. The group visited Moscow, Tbilisi, Sochi, Kiev, Riga, and Leningrad. The Soviet guides were frustrated by the groups' argumentative behavior and attempts to speak directly to Soviet workers. The group was especially interested in finding out if Soviet listeners heard broadcasts of Radio Beijing.
-
November 12, 1963
Memorandum of Conversation, Chinese Officials and the Hungarian Ambassador to China
Martin, the Hungarian ambassador to China, is involved with several conversations with Chinese officials before returning to Hungary, and the three highlighted conversations are with Zhu De, Chen Yi, and Zhou Enlai. Among other international issues, Zhu De discusses imperial attempts to restore capitalism in socialist countries and references “revisionism” in Hungary, to which Martin responds defensively. Chen Yi discusses Chinese industrial and economic development. Zhou Enlai discusses recent Chinese struggles, and interprets Martin’s reaction as distrust.
-
December 08, 1963
Cable from the CCP Central Committee, 'Response on the Problem of Counterattacking the Rumors and Slander against China in Soviet Radio Broadcasts, Newspapers, and Magazines'
Update on Party request to respond to slander against China by the Soviet Union, including plans for future strategies.