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Documents

June 1934

Letter of Governor Shicai Sheng to Cdes. Stalin, Molotov, and Voroshilov

Governor Shicai Sheng expresses his firm belief in Communism, his desire to overthrow the Nanjing Government and construct a Communist state in its place, and the need to establish a Communist Party branch in Xinjiang. Emphasizing his long study of Marxist theory, he requests that Stalin, Molotov, and Voroshilov allow him to join the Communist Party.

1936

Telegram from Cdes. Stalin, Molotov, and Voroshilov to G. Apresov, Consul General in Urumqi

Stalin, Molotov, Voroshilov express alarm about Shicai Sheng's red corner and discussions about the possible Sovietization of Xinjiang, reported in an earlier telegram from G. Apresov. They reaffirm that the USSR has no territorial claims on China, denies any plans for the Sovietization of Xinjiang, and declares its firm support for China in its struggle of independence from Japan, Britain, and other imperialist countries.

July 29, 1937

Concerning Soviet Military Operations in Xinjiang

The Politburo orders two regiments be sent into Xinjiang to prevent the advance of the 36th Division. It also orders that Ma Zhongying continue to be detained and recommends that the governor of Xinjiang avoid an agreement with Ma Hushan.

April 19, 1937

Concerning Actions to be Taken Against the Command of the 6th Division of the NRA

Noting that the command staff of the 6th Division of the Chinese National Revolutionary Army is hostile to the Urumqi government, the Politburo orders that the units be disarmed and the command staff arrested. The Politburo also orders that a group of energetic Chinese and Uighurs from Kashgar be sent to organize a government in Yarkant.

April 8, 1937

Concerning Military Operations in Xinjiang

The Soviet Politburo directs Cde. Frinovsky to suggest that division commander Ma Hushan of the Chinese National Revolutionary Army intercept Mamut and disarm him.

February 7, 1936

Concerning Negotiations with Ma Zhongying of the 36th Devision of the National Revolutionary Army

The Politburo accepts Ma Zhongying's proposal and recommends that the Urumqi government agree to appropriate concessions in peace talks with the 36th Division.

October 3, 1935

Concerning Relations with the 36th Division (National Revolutionary Army)

The Politburo orders the NKVD to seek, with the cooperation of Ma Zhongying, commander of the 36th Division of the National Revolutionary Army, the departure of the NRA division commanders most hostile to the Xinjiang government. The Politburo also instructs the NKVT and NKID to commence trade with the 36th Division immediately.

1944

The Truth about the Events in Xinjiang

An anonymous report on Soviet-Guomindang relations in Xinjiang, and political developments in Xinjiang since 1933.

May 4, 1943

Excerpt on Xinjiang from Minutes No. 40 of the VKP(b) CC Politburo Meetings

The CPSU Central Committee announces that it "cannot tolerate such provocative activity" of Xinjiang Governor Sheng Shicai and that it will provide support to rebels "in their struggle against the repressive colonialist policy of the Governor."