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Eastern Europe

Lithuania

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Aerial photograph of CIA headquarters

United States. Central Intelligence Agency

-

George H.W. Bush and Lech Walesa

CIA Reports on the Collapse of Communism in Europe

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Eastern Europe

Estonia

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Eastern Europe

Latvia

Mikhail Gorbachev, 1986

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich

1931- 2022

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

The Palace of the Republic (Palast der Republik) in Berlin

Eastern Europe

East Germany

United States Non-Recognition Policy

Photograph of Helmut Kohl, 1982.

Kohl, Helmut

1930- 2017

Boris Yeltsin at the United Nations, October 1995

Yeltsin, Boris

1931- 2007

Helmut Kohl addresses the United Nations, June 1997.

Helmut Kohl Transcripts

Official portrait for President George H.W. Bush, 1989.

Bush, George H.W.

1924- 2018

Intelligence Operations in the Cold War

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Hartmann, Peter

1935-

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Gulf War, 1990-1991

Photograph of Gorbachev-Bush summit at Malta, 1989

End of the Cold War

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Documents

March 24, 1958	Letter from Assistant Secretary of State for European Affairs C. Burke Elbrick, 'Draft NSC Paper Concerning Baltic States' Policy paper explaining the current status of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania and the US policy of non-recognition of their incorporation into the Soviet Union.
1954	Department of State, Memorandum, 'The Attitude of the United States and Other Governments Toward the Forced Incorporation of the Baltic Republics into the Soviet Union' State Department memorandum summarizing policy toward Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia following the Soviet incorporation of the Baltic States.
November 5, 1965	Department of State, Memorandum, 'Current United States Policy Toward Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia' Explanation of US policy of non-recognition of Soviet control of the Baltic states.
December 7, 1954	Department of State, Memorandum, 'Problems of Compatibility of Collective Security Negotiations with the USSR and Present US Policy Towards the Baltic States' History of US relations with the Baltic states and the current policy of non-recognition of Soviet control.
May 10, 1966	Department of State, Memorandum, 'Termination of Baltic State Representation Supported from Blocked Baltic Assets Held in the United States' Policy recommendation to phase-out US financial support of Baltic embassies.
1966	Department of State, Background Memorandum, 'The Baltic Question and US-USSR Exchanges' Summary of past negotiations with the Soviet Union for cultural exchanges which include the Baltic States. The State Department wants to avoid the Soviets using these exchanges to erode the US policy of not recognizing Soviet control of the Baltics.
May 11, 1989	CPSU Politburo Discussion of the Memorandum of Six Politburo members on the Situation in the Baltic Republics Discussion of separatist and nationalist sentiment in Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia.
August 23, 1990	Report, Assistant Head of the International Division of the CC CPSU, 'On the Issue of Humanitarian Aid by the US to Lithuania' Report describing a possible resolution in the US Congress to send humanitarian aid to Lithuania to support the movement there to separate from the Soviet Union.
September 16, 1986	Second Report on Radiation Levels in Lithuania Following the Chernobyl Accident In a follow up to their earlier May report, the Lithuanian Academy of Science summarizes levels of radiation detected between April and August of 1986 following the Chernobyl nuclear accident. Atmospheric tests showed a sharp rise in radiation levels in late April, up to 50 times higher than Soviet standards for safe levels of exposure. Levels dropped off in May, with occasional spikes. The report also summarizes tests of food products grown in Lithuania or imported from other Soviet Republics.
May 23, 1986	Preliminary Report on Radiation Levels in Lithuania Following the Chernobyl Accident Report from the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences on radiation levels detected in May 1986 following the Chernobyl nuclear accident. Both atmospheric tests and tests of food products like milk and honey showed elevated levels of radiation and radioactive isotopes which were “dangerous to the health of the population.”