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Photograph of the Hands of Victory Monument in Baghdad.

Middle East

Iraq

Kofi Annan and Saddam Hussein

Hussein, Saddam

1937- 2006

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Saddam on the Phone in 1988

The Saddam Files

Photograph of Azadi Tower

Middle East

Iran

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Photograph of the Port of Jaffa in Israel.

Middle East

Israel

Photograph of the city of Kuwait.

Middle East

Kuwait

Placeholder image for when a Topics image is not available

Gulf War, 1990-1991

Helmut Kohl addresses the United Nations, June 1997.

Helmut Kohl Transcripts

Mikhail Gorbachev, 1986

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich

1931- 2022

Emir Farid Chehab

Emir Farid Chehab Collection

Photograph of Helmut Kohl, 1982.

Kohl, Helmut

1930- 2017

Placeholder image for when a portrait image is not available

Aziz, Tariq

-

Iranian soldiers in the Iran-Iraq War

Iran-Iraq War

Official portrait for President George H.W. Bush, 1989.

Bush, George H.W.

1924- 2018

François Mitterrand in 1983

Mitterrand, François

1916- 1996

The Osirak Air Raid

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January 1991	Saddam Meeting with Yasir 'Arafat before the Gulf War This is a transcript of a meeting between Saddam and Yasir Arafat in early 1991. They discuss the military and diplomatic confrontation between Iraq and the United States. Saddam discusses the balance of power following the Cold War, as well as U.S. Support for Israel. He argues that the United States will certainly attack Iraq, but it will be defeated. He discusses the need for Arab allies.
August 7, 1990	Meeting between Saddam Hussein and His Senior Advisors Discussing the Future of Kuwait This audio file contains a meeting between Saddam and officials discussing the future of Kuwait. Topics discussed include: integration with Iraq; creating free zones; Kuwait unification with Iraq; Kuwait's economic condition; the Kuwaiti community.
September 1, 1958	Gazette of the State Council of the People's Republic of China, 1958, No. 26 (Overall Issue No. 153) This issue includes a declaration supporting the Soviet Union's proposal for an emergency UN General Assembly session, a joint declaration with Iraq establishing diplomatic relations, and agreements with the United Arab Republic (Egypt) to enhance postal services. It also features a joint statement with Cambodia highlighting mutual respect and cooperation, as well as updated regulations on the collection and storage of tobacco and cotton, emphasizing efficient methods to bolster agricultural and industrial productivity.
July 26, 1958	Gazette of the State Council of the People's Republic of China, 1958, No. 24 (Overall Issue No. 151) This issue highlights China's recognition of Iraq's new government following its revolution, denunciations of US military intervention in Lebanon and British troop deployments in Jordan, and directives to enhance rural infrastructure and agricultural practices, including tools for crop management and guidelines for vegetable production and supply.
May 22, 1959	Record of a Conversation between N.S. Khrushchev and UAR ambassador in Moscow M.A Al-Kush In the conversation, N. S. Khrushchev and M. A. al-Kuni discuss tensions between the USSR and the UAR (Egypt), particularly misunderstandings stemming from speeches by President Nasser and Soviet responses. Khrushchev emphasizes the USSR's commitment to aiding the UAR and supporting anti-imperialist struggles while rejecting accusations of spreading Communism intentionally. Al-Kuni conveys Nasser's regret over the escalation of disagreements and his desire to preserve the friendship between the two nations. Both sides acknowledge the challenges posed by regional dynamics and agree on the importance of improving relations for mutual benefit and peace in the Middle East. This document summary was generated by an artificial intelligence language model and was reviewed by a Wilson Center staff member.
August 9, 1988	Saddam and Ba'th Party Members Discussing the Iraqi Victory in the Iran-Iraq War Saddam and Ba'th Party officials discuss the outcome of the Iran-Iraq War and the damage inflicted on Iran.
December 25, 1990	A Meeting of Saddam Hussein with Delegation of the Jordanian Arab Democratic Youth This file includes Saddam's discussions with the Jordanian Arab Democratic Youth in which he states that if Israel attacked iraq with an atomic bomb, Iraq would respond with chemical weapons. He also states his desire to schedule a meeting with the leaders of Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and the UAE in which they would discuss the decrease of petroleum prices.
May 2, 1995	Saddam Hussein Meeting with the Revolutionary Council This file is a transcription of a meetin between Saddam Hussein in which they discuss Iraqi relations with various countries, UNSC sanctions, missile programs, and American elections.
Date unknown	Revolutionary Command Council Meeting Attended by Saddam Hussein and High Ranking Military Commanders This undated audio file handles one of the Revolutionary Command Council meetings, attended by Saddam Hussein and some high-ranking commanders. The meeting addressed the UN and the Security Council resolutions against Iraq. Also discussed were the negotiations with Russia and France, British messages to the Russians to help release an unidentified British prisoner, frozen Iraqi assets, and biological/chemical weapons.
Date unknown	Meeting between Saddam Hussein and Council of Ministers Saddam, Tariq Aziz, and other officials discuss the state of Arab diplomacy and the sanctions regime against Iraq. They consider prospects for lifting the sanctions in conjunction with the visit of Ekeus. They also discuss religious issues and the role of Islam in various Middle Eastern countries.