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Afghanistan--History--Soviet occupation, 1979-1989 Clear All

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South Asia

Afghanistan

Afghan resistance fighters return to a village destroyed by Soviet forces

Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Mikhail Gorbachev, 1986

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich

1931- 2022

Andrei Gromyko at the UN, 1981

Gromyko, Andrei Andreevich

1909- 1989

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

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South Asia

Pakistan

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Andropov, Yuri Vladimirovich

1914- 1984

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Najibullah, Mohammad

1947- 1996

Leonid Brezhnev, 1974.

Brezhnev, Leonid Il'ich

1906- 1982

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Ustinov, Dimitri F.

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Sino-Soviet Relations

President Ronald Reagan, Vice-President Bush, and oviet General Secretary Gorbachev

United States-Soviet Relations

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Middle East

Pakistani Nuclear History

Soviet Foreign Policy

Sino-Soviet Rapprochement, 1985-1989

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May 1987	Plan of Negotiations between M.S. Gorbachev and the President of the United States of America, R. Reagan before the first trip to Washington Soviet plan for negotiations between Gorbachev and Reagan. Topics covered include peacemaking efforts in the Near East, nuclear limitation, and the issue of Afghanistan.
December 4, 1979	Telegram from Chief Soviet Military Adviser, 'Report from Kabul' H. Amin requests subunits of Soviet Internal Troops capable of keeping order in the northern regions together with the DRA people’s militia.
December 2, 1979	Telegram from Chief Soviet Military Adviser, 'Report from Kabul' H. Amin requests that the Soviet government send one reinforced regiment to Badakhshan.
September 2, 1989	Letter from Ahmad Shah Masoud to Soviet First Deputy Foreign Minister and Special Afghanistan Envoy Yuli Vorontsov Afghan opposition leader Ahmad Shah Masoud sends a defiant letter in response to Soviet overtures.
January 24, 1989	Minutes of CPSU Central Committee Politburo, 'Measures in Connection with the Upcoming Withdrawal of Soviet troops from Afghanistan' (Excerpt) List of measures to support the Afghan military following the withdrawal of Soviet troops, especially the vital suppy route of the Kabul-Hayraton highway.
August 1988	Report from General Valentin Varennikov to Soviet Defense Minister Dmitri T. Yazov (Excerpt) Varennikov reports on Afghan opposition leader Ahmad Shah Masoud, who is seen as the most significant threat to the Soviet-backed regime.
December 11, 1989	Letter from CPSU General Secretary Mikhail S. Gorbachev to Afghan Government Gorbachev discusses the necessity of intra-Afghan peace talks. At the same time, the Soviet Union will provide military assistance, weapons, and aircraft to Afghanistan to retaliate against opposition.
July 1991	Memorandum, 'An Analysis of the “Islamic factor” in the Afghan Situation' by A. Belousov, Deputy Chairman of the Tajik SSR KGB Analysis of US support to opposition mujaheddin forces in Afghanistan and related attempts to use Islamic ideology to destabilize the Soviet Central Asian republics.
November 5, 1989	Letter from Afghan President Najibullah to CPSU General Secretary Mikhail S. Gorbachev (Excerpt) Najibullah requests for technical aid and additional supplies from the USSR to support the war in Afghanistan.
January 1989	Najibullah Assessment of the 'Ahmad Shah Problem' Najibullah assesses the threat posed by opposition leader Ahmad Shah Masoud.