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Reform and Opening in China, 1978- China--Economic conditions Clear All

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Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

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Reform and Opening in China, 1978-

Trade agreement between European Economic Community and China

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Zhao Ziyang on a tour of East Germany in June 1987.

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Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

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Sino-Soviet Relations

Deng Xiaoping, 1979.

Deng, Xiaoping

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Li, Peng

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The Palace of the Republic (Palast der Republik) in Berlin

Eastern Europe

East Germany

Aerial view of National Mall

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Sino-Soviet Split, 1960-1984

Sino-Soviet Rapprochement, 1985-1989

Mikhail Gorbachev, 1986

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich

1931- 2022

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Germany (East). Ministry for State Security (Stasi)

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Ye, Jianying

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Germany (East). Embassy (China)

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Pyongyang photographed in March 20212

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July 5, 1994	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Meeting with the Prime Minister of the People's Republic of China, Li Peng, on 4 July 1994 from 9.55 to 11.05 a.m. at the Federal Chancellery Kohl and Li Peng discuss human rights in China and the Chinese interpretation of the Tiananmen Square protests and massacre of 1989. Moreover, they review the relationship between the Vatican and China, German policy on Taiwan, China and GATT, China and the USA as well as EC trade restrictions vis-à-vis China.
November 10, 1986	Cable No. 3025, Foreign Minister to Ambassador Nakae, 'The Prime Minister’s Visit to China (The Meeting with Chairman Deng - On the Reform of Political System)' A report about Deng's hopes for social and economic reforms in China.
May 1987	Ministry for State Security of the GDR, Main Department II, 'The Domestic Policy, especially the Economic Development of the PR China, since the XIII CCP Party Congress - Status and Conclusions for the Relations between the GDR and the PR China' An extensive report on China's economic policies and development.
March 26, 1980	Embassy of the GDR in the USSR, 'Information on Some Issues of China's Current Policy' A discussion of the 5th Plenary Session of the CCP Central Committee and power struggles within the Chinese government, China's development targets, and foreign policy strategies, especially with the Soviet Union.
May 31, 1977	Embassy of the GDR in the USSR, Political Department, 'Note about a Meeting with Comrade Kireyev, Deputy Head of the 1st Far Eastern Department of the MID on 24 May 1977' A description of Chinese domestic policy, specifically the continuation of Maoism, differences in policy held by political leaders (Hua Guofeng and Ye Jianying), and the campaign against the Gang of Four. China's foreign policy, specifically towards the Soviet Union, USA, Japan, and India is also discussed.
January 17, 1977	Erich Honecker to the Politburo Members of the SED, 'Information about the Situation in China and the Policy of the New Leadership of the PRC' This document discusses the shift in political leadership and the instability of the government in the wake of Mao Zedong's death. It also reports on China's economic situation and the beginnings of efforts to modernize the country, as well as foreign relations, especially with the Soviet Union.
October 24, 1989	National Intelligence Daily for Tuesday, 24 October 1989 The CIA’s National Intelligence Daily for 24 October 1989 describes the latest developments in the Soviet Union, Ethiopia, Lebanon, Iran, Pakistan, Afghanistan, China, and Colombia.
May 14, 1987	Note about a Meeting of Comrade Dr. Herbert Weiz with Comrade Li Peng, on 14 May 1987 Both sides report on current economic conditions in their respective countries and discuss plans for future cooperation, specifically in science and technology.
July 7, 1988	Report on the Visit to China by the Delegation of the Organizing Commission (7-20 June 1988) This document - received by the Direction of the PCI on July 7th 1988- is a report on the visit to China of a PCI delegation to China from June 7 to 20, 1988. According to the author, Sandro Morelli, the Chinese expressed their satisfaction with the progress of détente and that relations with the USSR had improved. The main concerns regarded the reform of prices and salaries and the need to accelerate the “urban reform.”
November 8, 1988	Antonio Rubbi, 'Note for Comrades: Occhetto, Napolitano, Pajetta, Bufalini, and the Secretariat' Introduced by a cover letter by Antonio Rubbi dated November 8, 1988, this is a report by Lina Tamburrino from China. According Tamburrino, there was a growing divide between the CCP and public opinion, in particular due to rising inflation.