This issue features the text of a resolution to support the Soviet call for disarmament that passed through the National People's Congress. It also includes a joint statement about relations with Ceylon (Sri Lanka) and summarizes a government visit to Tibet. Other sections address strengthening agricultural production cooperatives, problems in education, and provincial administrative concerns, such as the creation of Linxia Autonomous Prefecture for Hui Muslims in Gansu.

Analysis of the recent Chinese nuclear weapon test and it's strategic implications for China's diplomatic and military policies.

K.R. Narayanan, Director of China Division at Ministry of External Affairs, writes that the explosion of the first nuclear bomb by China will alter the political balance of Asia and the world and development of nuclear weapons by India can be justified and beneficial for the country and the international system as well.

The Indian Ministry of Defense evaluated the impact of the Chinese nuclear explosion and reported that the more immediate and real Chinese threat comes from conventional arms. The Chinese nuclear test poses a long term military threat, but its strategic implication and India's consequent actions require constant review.

The Ministry of Foreign Affairs announces the Chinese delegates for the Indian Peace and Disarmament Conference and the Afro-Asian Peoples' Solidarity Assembly.

Responding to concerns about Great Britain expressed earlier by Premier Zhou in an earlier conversation, Ambassador Nehru reports that UK Prime Minister Macmillan believes that any major powers conference on disarmament should be organized by the US and USSR. Ambassador Nehru emphasized the necessity of Chinese involvement to PM Macmillan.

Zhang Hanfu and Raghavan discuss the hydrogen bomb and the Colombo Conference.

October 1959 conversation between Mao Zedong and the Soviet diplomat and sinologist S.F. Antonov, in which Mao attempted to reassure the Soviets that China would not provoke war with the United States or with its Asian neighbors. In his conversation with Antonov, Mao attempts to lessen the impact of China’s displeasure with Soviet policies. He tries hard to show his agreement with Moscow on every issue—the United States, Taiwan, India, Tibet, disarmament.