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Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

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Photograph of Sayyida Zainab bin Imam Ali Ibn Abi Talib Shrine.

Middle East

Syria

Photograph of Gamal Abdel Nasser

Nasser, Gamal Abdel

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International Dimensions of Decolonization in the Middle East and North Africa

International Dimensions of Decolonization in the Middle East and North Africa

A photo of Henry Kissinger from 1975

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Richard Nixon

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Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

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Yom Kippur War, 1973

Anatoly Dobrynin, 1977

Dobrynin, Anatoly Fedorovich

1919- 2010

Leonid Brezhnev, 1974.

Brezhnev, Leonid Il'ich

1906- 1982

Nikita Khrushchev at the UNGA, 1962.

Khrushchev, Nikita Sergeevich

1894- 1971

Nikita Khrushchev Collection

Emir Farid Chehab

Emir Farid Chehab Collection

Zhou Enlai and Gamal Abdel Nasser

China and the Middle East/North Africa

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October 9, 1961	Reception of Mohammed Murad Ghaleb, Ambassador of the United Arab Republic in the USSR, by N. S. Khrushchev Khrushchev and Ambassador Ghaleb discuss Soviet-UAR relations, emphasizing cooperation on the Aswan Dam and differing views on the UN “troika” proposal. Khrushchev offers candid criticism of Western influence and advises caution regarding Arab unification efforts, referencing the recent Syrian secession.
July 22, 1961	Reception by Cde. N.S. Khrushchev of the Chairman of the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces and Prime Minister of Sudan Ibrahim Abboud Khrushchev discusses the Soviet Union's new economic program and revolutionary history with Sudanese Prime Minister Ibrahim Abboud, emphasizing the USSR's achievements and its commitment to peaceful, cooperative relations with Sudan. He critiques Western imperialism and urges Sudan to allow Soviet aid flights to the Congo, arguing that supporting anti-colonial movements is a moral duty. The conversation also touches on Sudan's domestic policies, its cautious approach to socialism, and opportunities for expanded economic and technical cooperation between the two countries.
June 24, 1905	H.R. Rankin, 'Report on [sic.] expedition to “Oasis of Siwa” starting from Mersa Matrouh' In 1905, H.A. Rankin led an expedition from Mersa Matrouh to the Siwa Oasis in Egypt to collect valuable date palm offshoots for export to the United States as part of an early US effort to introduce date farming to arid regions. Though intended as a report on the palm collection, Rankin’s account reads more like a travel narrative, highlighting the hardships of desert travel, encounters with Bedouins, and the hospitality of Siwa’s local leaders. His detailed observations provide a firsthand glimpse into the human and environmental challenges behind the USDA’s agricultural ambitions abroad.
February 13, 1961	Record of Conversation between N.S. Khrushchev and the Egyptian Ambassador to the USSR Mohammed Al-Kun As Ambassador El-Kuni bid farewell to Khrushchev, he thanked the Soviet Union for its support of the Arab peoples and the UAR, while Khrushchev expressed hope for continued strong relations, highlighting the Aswan Dam as a lasting symbol of friendship. Khrushchev also privately criticized the UAR's treatment of communists and warned that undemocratic practices could strain relations, while El-Kuni defended the government's actions as necessary for national stability.
April 30, 1958	Transcript of the Negotiations between the Soviet Leadership and the Leadership of the UAR The two sides first discuss the aggression of the USA, England, and France towards the Arab nations over natural resources. The two sides then discuss bilateral relations and affairs in the Middle East.
October 30, 1973	From the Journal of A.F. Dobrynin, 'Record of a Conversation with US President R. Nixon and Secretary of State H. Kissinger, 30 October 1973' Dobrynin recounts several conversations with Nixon and Kissinger about Soviet-American relations and resolving the crisis in the Middle East.
October 25, 1973	From the Journal of A.F. Dobrynin, 'Record of a Conversation with US Secretary of State H. Kissinger, 25 October 1973' Brezhnev demands that the United States puts pressure on Israel to cease fire in the war with Egypt.
October 18, 1973	From the Journal of A.F. Dobrynin, 'Record of a Conversation with US Secretary of State H. Kissinger, 18 October 1973' Dobrynin describes Soviet efforts to achieve a ceasefire in the Middle East and the Soviet Union's position on a possible Security Council resolution. He also raises the possibility of Kissinger visiting Moscow.
October 6, 1973	From the Journal of A.F. Dobrynin, 'Record of a Conversation with US Secretary of State H. Kissinger, 6 October 1973' Dobrynin summarizes two conversations with Henry Kissinger about the conflict between Israel and Egypt and Syria. Kissinger claims that the Soviet Union knew in advance of the Arab intention to go to war.
March 31, 1993	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Meeting with Egyptian President Hosny Mubarak in Bonn on 30 March 1993, 15.30-17.20 hours Kohl and Mubarak discuss the recent bomb attack in Cairo and the question of the assassins. Upon Kohl's question, Mubarak rejects the idea that Libya and Gaddafi could be behind it. Rather, Mubarak suggests the changes in Gaddafi’s position and the latter's concern about fundamentalist terror in Libya. Mubarak thinks Iran was behind the terror attack in Cairo.