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Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

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Western Europe

Germany

Photograph of Helmut Kohl, 1982.

Kohl, Helmut

1930- 2017

Helmut Kohl addresses the United Nations, June 1997.

Helmut Kohl Transcripts

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Mikhail Gorbachev, 1986

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich

1931- 2022

Official portrait for President George H.W. Bush, 1989.

Bush, George H.W.

1924- 2018

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Western Europe

France

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Hartmann, Peter

1935-

François Mitterrand in 1983

Mitterrand, François

1916- 1996

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Gulf War, 1990-1991

Photograph of the Hands of Victory Monument in Baghdad.

Middle East

Iraq

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Baker, James Addison

1930-

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Western Europe

Great Britain

Photograph of Gorbachev-Bush summit at Malta, 1989

End of the Cold War

Southern Kuril islands seen from the International Space Station

Kuril Islands/Northern Territories Dispute

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July 13, 1992	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Meeting with French President Mitterrand on 7 July 1992 in Munich Kohl and Mitterrand look into issues of nuclear power plant safety in the former Soviet Union as a key theme on the agenda of the World Economis Summit in Munich. Both complain about American and Japanese reluctance to agree on the establishment of a joint G-7 fund in this field.
July 6, 1992	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Meeting with U.S. President Bush over Breakfast at the Hotel Four Seasons in Munich on Monday, 6 July 1992 Bush reports about his recent conversation with Mitterrand on the establishmet of the Eurocorps and NATO's European pillar. Kohl thinks that U.S. concerns over the Eurocorps were exaggarated reiterating that the Federal Repubic wanted a continued U.S. military presence in Germany and Europe. Bush complains about French reluctance to expand NATO's functions including out-of-area missions.
April 1, 1992	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Meeting with Polish President Walesa on Tuesday, 31 March 1992 Kohl and Walesa talk about Poland's eagerness for EC membership and their shared irritation about general Western reservation in terms of EC enlargement. They discuss the desire of the Visegrad countries for NATO membership. Kohl reiterates his aim to to have a relationship with Poland that was similar to the German friendship with France.
February 6, 1992	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Meeting with the American Jewish Committee on 4 February 1992 Kohl and the American Jewish Committee discuss the challenge of potential nuclear proliferation after the Soviet Union's disintegration. They scrutinize the problem of increasing xenophobia in Germany after unification.
November 9, 1991	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Meeting with President Bush on 7 November 1991 at the NATO Summit in Rome Kohl and Bush talk about the NATO summit, the creation of a European pillar in NATO, the war in Yugoslavia and the Soviet Union's disintegration.
October 7, 1991	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Conversation with French President Mitterrand on 18 September 1991, 13:45 – 15:15 hours Kohl and Mitterrand explore ideas for the creation of a NATO-WEU-European pillar in cooperation with the Bush Administration. Moreover, they discuss the war in Yugoslavia and Franco-German differences which Mitterrand even compares to the situation prior to World War I in 1914.
September 6, 1991	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Conversation with Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev, Thursday, 5 September 1991, 13:15 until 13:30 hours Kohl and Gorbachev scrutinize the situation in the Soviet Union after the coup. They agree on the urgent need for more for financial help.
August 26, 1991	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Telephone Conversation with U.S. President Bush on 26 August 1991, 14:25 – 14:50 hours Kohl and Bush discuss the latter forthcoming visit to Moscow, the situation after the coup, as well as Western financial assistance for the Soviet Union and Baltic independence.
August 19, 1991	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Telephone Conversation with President George Bush, Monday, 19 August 1991, 13:40 until 13:50 hours Kohl and Bush assess the situation in the Soviet Union after the coup. They reiterate their continued support for Gorbachev and his reform policy.
July 24, 1991	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Meeting with French President Mitterrand on 23 July 1991 in Bad Wiessee, 11:45 am to 1:30 pm Kohl and Mitterrand debate essential issues of European security and the emergence of potential new security structures after the end of the Cold War such as a European pillar of NATO and the French-German brigade as the nucleus of a European security and defense policy.