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East Asia

Mongolia

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

Sino-Soviet Relations

A photo of Joseph Stalin from 1943

Stalin, Joseph

1879- 1953

Uyghur man in Xinjiang

China

Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

A photo of Joseph Stalin from 1943

Stalin and the Cold War

China and the Soviet Union in Xinjiang, 1934-1949

Portrait of T.V. Soong, 1945

Soong, T. V. (Tzu-wen)

1894- 1971

Sino-Soviet Split, 1960-1984

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China and the End of World War II

Pyongyang photographed in March 20212

East Asia

North Korea

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Molotov, Vyacheslav Mikhaylovich

1890- 1986

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Tsedenbal, Yumjaagiyn

-

Photograph of Zhou Enlai in 1972.

Zhou, Enlai

1898- 1976

Japan's Itsukushima Shrine

East Asia

Japan

Portrait of Mao Zedong from propaganda poster

Mao, Zedong

1893- 1976

Sino-Soviet Alliance, 1950-1959

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November 20, 1986	Record of Conversation between Comrade J. Batmunkh and Kim Il Sung Kim Il Sung and Jambyn Batmunkh discuss North Korea and Mongolia's relationships with China and the Soviet Union, among other issues.
June 5, 1964	Conversations between Romanian Leader Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej and Chinese Ambassador Liu Fang, Referring to Bilateral Relations and the Soviet-Chinese Ideological Conflict Snagov, 5 June 1964 (excerpts) In excerpts from their conversation, Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej, First Secretary of the Romanian Workers Party and Liu Fang, Chinese Ambassador to Romania, discuss the increasing tension between both their countries and the Soviet Union. Gheorghiu-Dej also explains his objections to the attempted admission of Mongolia to the Warsaw Pact. Romanian military leader Emil Bodnăraş is also present.
February 26, 1989	Memorandum of Conversation: President Bush's Meeting with Chairman Deng Xiaoping of the People's Republic of China, February 26, 1989, 11:00 a.m. - 12:00 noon Conversation between Deng Xiaoping and President George Bush on Sino-US relations. Deng expressed the hope that the bilateral relationship would develop in a "new pattern" based on mutual trust, mutual support, and minimizing as much as possible mutual problems. They also discussed the continued tensions between China and the Soviet Union,
February 22, 1960	Journal of Soviet Ambassador in the DPRK A.M. Puzanov for 22 February 1960 Puzanov receives the Romanian and Mongolian Ambassadors and discusses how to acquire "unpublished information" in North Korea, among other issues.
July 15, 1971	Memorandum of Conversation between The First Secretary of the Mongolian People’s Republic and the Head of Delegation of Korean Worker’s Party on the 50th Anniversary of the Mongolian People’s Revolution Officials of the Mongolian People's Republic and the Korean Worker's Party discuss their mutual support for the peaceful unification of the Korean peninsula, obstacles presented by the U.S. and Japan, and perspectives on the Sino-Soviet split.
January 29, 1968	Record of Conversation between Mongolian Deputy Foreign Minister Chimiddorj and the Counselor of the Soviet Embassy Basmanov on the USS Pueblo Crisis Mongolian Deputy Foreign Minister D. Chimiddorj meets with Counselor of the Soviet Embassy, M.I. Basmanov to discuss North Korea's conflict with the US over the capture of the USS Pueblo. Basmanov describes the Soviet Embassy's involvement acting as a go-between for the United States and North Korea.
December 1, 1965	Mongolian Politburo Resolution and Letter to the Soviet leadership requesting Soviet troops be stationed on Mongolian soil to defend against possible attack. Mongolian Politburo Resolution and the Letter from Mongolian First Secretary Yu Tsedenbal to the Soviet leadership requesting one additional Soviet military unit to be stationed on Mongolian soil and at Soviet expense in order to reinforce the defense capabilities of the Mongolian People's Republic.
February 24, 1956	Excerpts from Tsedenbal's diary on his conversation with Soviet leader Anastas Mikoyan on Soviet Economic Cooperation and Aid to the People's Republic of Mongolia (Fragments) Tsedenbal's diary entry on his conversation with Anastas Mikoyan regarding Soviet economic aid and cooperation with the Mongolian People's Republic. Tsedenbal asks Mikoyan to forgive upcoming payments due and provide additional materials and Soviet workers for construction of railroads. Mikoyan tells Tsedenbal that the Soviets will help, but that Mongolia must prepare its own workforce and not be dependent on Soviet or Chinese help. The two also discuss trade issues and Chinese designs on Mongolia.
September 3, 1952	Minutes of Conversation between I.V. Stalin and Zhou Enlai Conversation between Stalin and Zhou Enlai on the Chinese Five-Year Plan, the Ulan-Bator-Pinditsiuan railroad, and arms sales/production. They also discussed the Korean war, Burma, and Tibet.
June 25, 1971	Minutes of the Romanian Politburo Meeting Concerning Nicolae Ceauşescu's Visit to China, North Korea, Mongolia, and Vietnam These are the minutes of a meeting of the Central Committee of the Romanian Communist Party discussing Romanian leader Nicolae Ceauşescu's 1971 visit to China. Ceauşescu reports on his visits to Chinese enterprises, universities, and laboratories, and acknowledges the achievements of the Cultural Revolution. The report on China is followed by comments on his subsequent visits to North Korea, Vietnam, and Mongolia. Finally, the discussion turns to Moscow's criticism of Ceauşescu's anti-Soviet statements during his stay in the Middle East.