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Western Europe

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

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Eastern Europe

North Atlantic Council Meeting, Lisbon, June 1985

Archivio Andreotti's NATO Series

Euromissiles Crisis

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Western Europe

Italy

Soviet Foreign Policy

President Ronald Reagan, Vice-President Bush, and oviet General Secretary Gorbachev

United States-Soviet Relations

"The Bundeshaus (Federal Building) in Bonn, West Germany, May 1961. "

Western Europe

West Germany

West German Chancellor Willy Brandt, 1971.

Brandt, Willy

1913- 1992

Mikhail Gorbachev, 1986

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich

1931- 2022

A photo of Joseph Stalin from 1943

Stalin, Joseph

1879- 1953

A photo of Joseph Stalin from 1943

Stalin and the Cold War

Leonid Brezhnev, 1974.

Brezhnev, Leonid Il'ich

1906- 1982

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Soviet Union. Communist Party. Central Committee (CPSU CC)

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Portrait of Mao Zedong from propaganda poster

Mao, Zedong

1893- 1976

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May 1967	Directive [from Mao Zedong] Regarding the State of International [Affairs] Mao argues that Europe remains the strategic center of US-Soviet conflict.
June 26, 1944	Invasion of Europe Stalin and Harriman discuss the success of the Normandy Invasion and the forthcoming Russian Offensive into Western Europe.
June 27, 1990	National Intelligence Daily for Wednesday, 27 June 1990 The CIA’s National Intelligence Daily for 27 June 1990 describes the latest developments in the Soviet Union, Poland, Bulgaria, the European Community, Zambia, Iran and China.
April 29, 1983	MAE DAP Memo on INF and START MAE DAP memo on prospective US-USSR INF and START negotiations, Soviet position and objectives, role of Europe in promoting an intermediate solution for INF. The paper addresses also the issue of the deployment in Western Europe of Pershing II and Cruise missiles, and discusses consultation in Atlantic Council with amb. E. Rowny on European role question in START talks.
March 27, 1967	Memorandum of Conversation between Vice President Hubert Humphrey and ACDA Director Foster, 'Ambassador Foster’s Briefing of Vice President on NPT,' with enclosure, 'Questions Most Likely to be Asked on NPT' During this conversation, Director Foster briefed Vice President Humphrey about the progress of the NPT. Foster said that he was willing to meet Germany’s concerns about such issues as protecting its civil nuclear industry and a future European federation. Moreover, noting that Washington had to discuss the NPT with other countries that could “otherwise go nuclear,” Foster worried that a long delay caused by consultations could “jeopardize the chance of the rest of the world getting signed up.”
1977	Memorandum by Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 'Disarmament' This note my the Italian Foreign Ministry discusses the growing tensions caused by the ongoing arms race and introduces different disarmament strategies suggested by the Soviet Union, Denmark, and the Warsaw Pact.
March 8, 1961	Note Assessing Italian Strategic Vulnerability Evaluation of vulnerability to Soviet aggression due to Italy’s geographic location (the middle of the Mediterranean Ocean) and political position (mostly communist). Reporting on the decision to increase nuclear weapons as well as bolster the air force in order to protect Italy and surrounding Mediterranean countries, which becomes essential considering the Soviet Union has made open threats directed at Europe and NATO.
January 1, 1985	Letter by Ambassador in Moscow Sergio Romano to Minister of Foreign Affairs Andreotti Italian Ambassador to Moscow, Sergio Romano, writes to Foreign Minister Andreotti to dicuss the topic of the Soviet attitude towards the SDI, and the unsuccessful efforts by the Soviets to pursue a similar defense system. Even though SDI is no longer a hindrance to superpower dialogue, it would be a mistake to assume that the USSR has given up the battle against the overall missile defense system.
October 13, 1986	Memorandum by Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 'East-West relations' The document analyzes the state of East-West relations in the aftermath of the Reykjavik Summit. There appears to be an openness to continuing dialogue by both sides, but many unknowns still persist regarding Europe and the Middle East.
October 25, 1986	Diplomatic Adviser of the Prime Minister, 'Report of the meeting with NATO's Secretary General Lord Carrington (24th October, 1986)' Summary of the meeting between PM Craxi and Secretary General of NATO, Lord Carrington in the aftermath of the Reykjavik Summit. The two leaders exchange opinions on the outcome of the summit and the continuing arms control negotiations.