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November 9, 1986

Cable No. 3777, Ambassador Nakae to the Foreign Minister, 'The Prime Minister’s Visit to China (General Secretary Hu’s Statements at the Reception)'

61年11月09日

 

外務大臣殿  中江大使

 

 

総理訪中(歓迎宴における胡総書記の発言)

 

3777号 暗秘 大至急

往電第3757号に関し、

 

8日夜に行われた胡総書記主催の歓迎宴での席上、同総書記が表記につき述べた発言中、興味深い点概要次の通り(第1卓にて本使および遠山(通訳)同席)。

 

1.政治体制改革

 

(1)本件につき現在、党中央において明年7月までとの期限付きで決議案を起草中であり右起草作業には(本宴席に同席の)胡啓立も参与している。右決議案の内容については最近、鄧小平同志が外国の友人に対してその骨子となるべき3点の基本的要求につき紹介したが、概要次の通り。

 

(イ)第1点は、指導部の活力を強化すること。すなわち現指導部の活力では不十分であり、これはおそらく現指導部の平均年齢とも関係があろう。我々としては、今後新旧交代のテンポを一層早める必要ありと考えている。

 

(ロ)第2点は、機構の簡素化を進めること。即ち官僚主義を克服し、仕事の能率を大いに高める必要がある。現在直面している官僚主義の弊害は、幹部の文化レベルとともに肥大化している機構とも大きな因果関係がある。例えば現在、国務院の一つの部でさえも40以上のセクションを抱えており、また一つの公文書でも4050か所の決裁が必要といった弊害が多々見受けられる。要するに、人員が過多となり、機構が肥大化しているために事がうまく運ばないとの状況が生じている。

 

(ハ)第3点は、適当な範囲で党・政分離及び政・企分離を図ること。即ち、これまで党が受け持つ仕事があまりに過ぎるといった状況が数十年にわたって形成されていた。今後は政府・党・全人代、政治協商会議などを含む各組織の職能を確立し、発揮させることが必要である。特に、全人代の職能をこれまで十分に発揮させていなかったのは、過去における大きな問題であった。(右に対し、総理より貴国の全人代の役割は重要であると考えるが、これまで全人代では必要な情報量があまりにも少なく、このため間接的な役割しか果たせなかったと考える旨述べられたのに対して)、然り。従来の全人代は兼職者が多すぎたとの弊害が指摘されており、今後、専業職とすべく改革案を検討中である。

 

(2)(上記説明に対し、総理より、イデオロギー及び憲法改正などの問題は、右決議の内容に含まれるや否や質したところ、)イデオロギー問題について、すでに「精神文明決議」において言及されている。憲法改正については、右が必要か否か、今のところ、十分に検討されていない。しかし、将来的には、例えば台湾の統一が実現されることとなった際に台湾人民が現行憲法に意見を有するのであれば、右をも踏まええて修正を行う必要も生じ得よう。

(3)上記(1)(イ)に関連して言えば明年中に第13回党大会の開催を予定しており、その際、貴総理の予想を超える若返り人事があり得ることを先程の会談でも申し上げたが、具体的には、少なくとも4名程度の若手幹部を党中央指導部に抜擢したいと考えている。(本宴席に同席の胡啓立及び王兆国を指しつつ)彼ら2人については、少なくとも78名の若手幹部の中の2人ということである。もちろんこの人事問題については、議論の過程及び皆の同意が必要であることは言うまでもない。

 

2.精神文明建設

 

(総理より、最近、中国では精神文明の建設が強調されていると仄聞するが、右の具体的内容につき問うたところ)、右内容については、先般発表された1万華字に及ぶ「精神文明決議」において詳細が紹介されているが、主要なものは以下の4点。

 

(1)1点は、これからの数十年において中国として求めるべき理想は何であるのかということ。即ち、近代化された中国式の社会主義の建設につき、全国人民及び国内各民族の一致した目標を明確にすることである。

 

(2)2点は、職業道徳の確立。即ち、各職業に応じて、あるべき礼儀などを確立されること。例えば中国におけるサービス部門が諸外国に比較してひどく劣っているとの状況は、日本を含む各国の友人からも指摘されている点であるが、我々としては、諸外国のレベルに追いつくべく、10年程度の時間を費やして、サービス部門の改善に努めたいと考えている。

 

(3)3点は、法制の民主化を図ること。即ち、今後一層、憲法および法律に依拠して物事を処理していく必要がある。特に人についていえば、これまで、犯罪者の大多数が民主諸党派等に属するものではなく、共産党員であったなどの大きな問題が存在している。

 

(4)4点は、各分野での教育を立派に行うこと。すなわち、文化素養及び技能の向上に注力する必要がある。

 

上海、広州、香港に転電した。(了)

 

Number: [blacked out]

Primary: Asia China

 

Sent: China, November 09, 1986, [time blacked out]

Received: MOFA, November 09, 1986, [time blacked out]

 

To: The Foreign Minister      

From: Ambassador Nakae

 

Prime Minister’s Visit to China (General Secretary Hu’s Statements at the Reception)

 

No. 3777 Secret Top Urgent [blacked out]

Re: Outgoing Telegram 3757

 

Having attended the reception hosted by General Secretary Hu on the night of the 8th,  here follows a summary of the interesting points in what Secretary General Hu said to the Prime Minister (Toyama (interpreter) and I were also seated at Table No. 1).

 

1. Political Structural Reform

 

(1) The Party Central Committee is now drafting, with a deadline of July next year, a resolution in regard to this issue. Hu Qili (seated at our table) is also participating in this drafting work. Regarding the substance of the resolution, Comrade Deng Xiaoping recently introduced to foreign friends the three basic requirements that are likely to be its main points. The summary is as follows:

 

(a) The first point is strengthening the vitality of the leadership. That is to say, the vitality of the present leadership is insufficient. I believe that this has something to do with the average age of the present leadership. I think that it will be necessary from now to further increase the tempo of the succession of new cadres to posts held by old ones.

 

(b) The second point is advancing organization simplification. That is to say, it is necessary to overcome bureaucratism and to greatly heighten work efficiency. The evil of bureaucratism, which we are now facing, together with the cultural level of the cadres, has much to do with bloated organizations. For example, there are over 40 sections even for a department of the State Council. Also remarkable is the evil of a single official document requiring approvals in 40 to 50 places. In short, the situation has arisen in which things are not progressing well due to excess personnel and bloated organizations.

 

(c) The third point is, to an appropriate extent, working to separate the Party from the government and the political from the corporate. That is to say, there has taken shape over the past several decades the situation in which the Party has taken on too much work. It will be necessary henceforth to establish and develop the functions of each organization, including the government, the Party, the National People’s Congress, and the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference. In particular, we have not fully developed so far the functions of the National People’s Congress, which was a big problem in the past. That is the case. (This was said in response to the Prime Minister saying: I think that the role of your country’s National People’s Congress is important but that the volume of information for the National People’s Congress to date has been rather small and, as a result, it has only been able to play an indirect role.) The evil of the National People’s Congress in the past having too many persons with concurrent posts was pointed out. We are now considering a reform proposal that, henceforth, we make them full-time positions.

 

(2) (In response to the above explanation, the Prime Minister asked whether such issues as ideology and constitutional reform would or would not be included in the aforementioned resolution. Secretary General Hu replied:) Regarding the issue of ideology, there has already been reference to it in the “resolution on spiritual civilization.” Regarding constitutional reform, whether the aforementioned is necessary or not has still now not been sufficiently considered. However, in the future, for example, when the reunification of Taiwan has been realized, if the people of Taiwan have opinions on the present constitution, I imagine that it may be necessary to carry out revision, including the aforementioned.

 

(3) Speaking of the above (1) (a), the 13th National Congress of the Communist Party of China is scheduled to take place next year. I spoke at the earlier meeting of how, at that time, there could be a rejuvenation of personnel beyond what you expect, Prime Minister. Concretely, I would like to select at least four young cadres for the Party's central leadership. (Pointing to Hu Qili and Wang Zhaoguo, who were also attending the reception). Those two are among the at least 7 or 8 young cadres. Of course, it goes without saying, in regard to this personnel issue, that a process of discussion and the agreement of everyone will be necessary.

 

2. Building Spiritual Civilization

 

(The Prime Minister said that he had heard that there has been in China recently an emphasis on the building of spiritual civilization and asked General Secretary Hu on the details of it.)  Regarding the details of that, they were introduced in a 10,000-character “Resolution on Building Spiritual Civilization,” which was recently announced. It is mainly the four points below:

 

(1) The first point is what ideal should be demanded of China in the next 10 years. That is to say, it is making clear, in regard to the building of a modern socialism with Chinese characteristics, the unanimous goals of the nation’s people and of all ethnic groups in China.

 

(2) The second point is the establishing of professional morality. That is to say, it is the establishing of the etiquette and such that should exist according to each profession. For example, the inferiority of the service sector in China in comparison to foreign countries is a point that has been pointed out by friends in every country, including Japan. In order to catch up to the level of the foreign countries, we would like to spend about 10 years and work for the improvement of the service sector.

 

(3) The third point is working to democratize the legal system. That is to say, in the future it will be even more necessary to handle things in depending on the constitution and the law. In particular, when it comes to people, there has been such big problems until now as the majority of criminals having not been those from the democratic parties and groups, but members of the Communist Party.

 

(4) The fourth point is competently carrying out education in all the fields. That is to say, it is necessary to put effort into improving knowledge of culture and technical skills.

 

Relayed to Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Hong Kong. (End)

 

Hu Yaobang shares his views on China's future political evolution, including possible leadership changes.



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Source

2017-0638, Act on Access to Information Held by Administrative Organs, published online by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan, January 12, 2017. Transcribed by Yamaguchi Shinji and translated by Stephen Mercado.

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