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Eastern Europe

Czechoslovakia

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

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Eastern Europe

Poland

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Eastern Europe

Bulgaria

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Eastern Europe

Hungary

Jan Nowak-Jeziorański broadcasting for Radio Free Europe, 3 May 1952

Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty

Aerial photograph of CIA headquarters

United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT)

Cuban Foreign Relations

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Mitrokhin, Vasili

1922- 2004

Mitrokhin Archive

George H.W. Bush and Lech Walesa

CIA Reports on the Collapse of Communism in Europe

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Dulles, Allen

1893- 1969

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Husak, Gustav

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Braden, Thomas

1918- 2009

Executive Committee of the National Security Committee during the Cuban Missile Crisis.

Cuban Missile Crisis

Leonid Brezhnev, 1974.

Brezhnev, Leonid Il'ich

1906- 1982

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June 2, 1992	Meeting between ChefBK Bohl and U.S. Deputy Secretary of State Lawrence Eagleburger on 2 June 1992, 11:00 Hours Eagleburger reviews his most recent visits in Russia, Bulgaria, Albania, the CSFR and Romania. Bohl and Eagleburger discuss the security of nuclear power plants in Russia, the CIS and Eastern Europe as a pivotal theme for the agenda of the 1992 Munich World Economic Summit. Eagleburger sees no chance for U.S. financial support for Russia prior to the 1992 Presidential elections.
April 1, 1992	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Meeting with Polish President Walesa on Tuesday, 31 March 1992 Kohl and Walesa talk about Poland's eagerness for EC membership and their shared irritation about general Western reservation in terms of EC enlargement. They discuss the desire of the Visegrad countries for NATO membership. Kohl reiterates his aim to to have a relationship with Poland that was similar to the German friendship with France.
September 16, 1991	Memorandum of Conversation: Meeting with Helmut Kohl, Chancellor of Germany, September 16, 1991, 1:30-2:30pm
November 30, 1967	Guidelines for the Czechoslovak Delegation attending the Eighteen Nation Committee on Disarmament in 1967 The final instructions for the Czechoslovak delegation en route to Geneva for the ENDC in November 1967. The treaty was mostly finished by this time; only the final details remained. Denunciation of US foreign policy and prevention of West Germany’s nuclear weapon acquisition reappear in these instructions.
August 2, 1963	Antonín Gregor, 'Explanatory Memorandum [on the Limited Test Ban Treaty]' A report produced by the Czechoslovak foreign ministry in August 1963 recommending the ratification of Limited Test Ban Treaty (LTBT). One of the key goals of early Czechoslovak engagement in the ENDC was to reject a nuclear test ban, based on their rejection of any verification measures. However, once the Soviets agreed to the LTBT with the US and the United Kingdom, the Czechoslovak foreign ministry praised the agreement and attacked those (such as China) who resisted the measure. One interesting aspect of the treaty was the proposed role of depositary powers. The document indicates that the Soviets were interested in being a depositary power to the LTBT in order to prevent ratification by governments not recognized by the USSR, most notably West Germany and the Republic of China. The issue of depositary powers reappeared later on, in the NPT as well.
May 1963	Undated, untitled memorandum on Soviet-US Negotiations for the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty An undated memorandum, produced most likely in the late spring of 1963 (most likely in May) that outlines Soviet thinking on the most recent discussions with US representatives on the nuclear nonproliferation treaty. The memorandum is crystal clear that the key goal for Soviet negotiators was to avoid West German control over nuclear weapons. This is why Moscow opposed the idea of a Multilateral Nuclear Force. However, Soviet officials also admitted that it was better to agree to a treaty that did not explicitly prohibit a multilateral nuclear force as long as their US counterparts committed not to let West German authorities have an authoritative role in authorizing nuclear-weapon use
May 28, 1960	Letter, Foreign Minister Václav David to Prime Minister Viliam Široký Czechoslovakia participated in the Ten Nation Committee on Disarmament, a short-lived outfit which was mired in superpower infighting and consequently made no substantive progress. This letter, written from Czechoslovakia’s Foreign Minister Václav David to Prime Minister Viliam Široký, is nonetheless informative, as its attachment contains a memorandum outlining Soviet proposals for general and complete disarmament in three phases.
May 1968	Memo to V. V. Kuznetsov Regarding Proposed Clarifications to the NPT This memo to Vasily Kuznetsov, First Deputy Foreign Minister of the USSR, includes proposed amendments and clarifications to various articles and sections of the NPT. Topics of the proposed amendments include an emphasis on the continued importance of sovereignty and territorial integrity and the exchange of research and technology on peaceful uses of nuclear technology. The document also describes how to proceed in negotiations with the American side, as well as with several Warsaw Pact countries, and to telegraph once the requests in the memo have been delivered.
June 27, 1991	National Intelligence Daily for Thursday, 27 June 1991 The CIA’s National Intelligence Daily for Thursday, 27 June describes the latest developments in Yugoslavia, USSR, Cambodia, Philippines and India.
November 25, 1989	National Intelligence Daily for Saturday, 25 November 1989 The CIA’s National Intelligence Daily for 25 Nov 1989 describes the latest developments in Czechoslovakia, Lebanon, East Germany, Western Europe, the Soviet Union, South Africa, El Salvador, Uruguay, India, and NATO-Warsaw Pact.