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Afghanistan--History--Soviet occupation, 1979-1989 Clear All

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South Asia

Afghanistan

Afghan resistance fighters return to a village destroyed by Soviet forces

Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Mikhail Gorbachev, 1986

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich

1931- 2022

Andrei Gromyko at the UN, 1981

Gromyko, Andrei Andreevich

1909- 1989

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

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South Asia

Pakistan

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Andropov, Yuri Vladimirovich

1914- 1984

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Najibullah, Mohammad

1947- 1996

Leonid Brezhnev, 1974.

Brezhnev, Leonid Il'ich

1906- 1982

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Ustinov, Dimitri F.

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Sino-Soviet Relations

President Ronald Reagan, Vice-President Bush, and oviet General Secretary Gorbachev

United States-Soviet Relations

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Middle East

Pakistani Nuclear History

Soviet Foreign Policy

Sino-Soviet Rapprochement, 1985-1989

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January 1, 1981	Autobiographical Notes Davlatali Fayzamievich Bobiev Account of Bobiev's service in Afghanistan, including at the Khayraton-Kabul highway and Balkh province.
January 4, 1980	Jimmy Carter, 'Address to the Nation on the Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan' Jimmy Carter proposes sanctions in response to the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan.
January 20, 1980	Letter by President Jimmy Carter to the President of the United States Olympic Committee Robert Kane Jimmy Carter explains his call for a boycott of the 1980 Moscow Olympics in reponse to the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan.
May 29, 1988	Memorandum of Conversation, the President's First One-on-One Meeting with General Secretary Gorbachev Reagan and Gorbachev's first conversation during Reagan's 1988 visit to Moscow.
April 12, 1980	Address by Vice President Mondale to the United States Olympic Committee, 'US Call for an Olympic Boycott' Vice President Mondale addresses the United States Olympic Committee (USOC), advocating for President Carter's proposed boycott of the Moscow Olympic Games in response to the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. Later that day, the USOC voted to uphold the boycott.
December 5, 1988	Report on the Visit of the Soviet General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev to India This document describes events during the visit of the Soviet General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev to India in November 1988. Talks cover the question of nuclear disarmament and a number regional conflicts. With respect to Afghanistan, Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi supports the Geneva Agreement and the initiation of an inner-Afghan dialogue. He stresses the importance of keeping President Najibullah in power. During the visit several agreements on trade and cooperation in scientific matters are signed.
March 14, 1985	Memorandum of Conversation Between M. S. Gorbachev and General Secretary of the CC NDPA [National Democratic Party of Afghanistan], Chairman of the Revolutionary Council of DRA [Democratic Republic of Afghanistan] B. Karmal. Gorbachev and Chairman Karmal discuss the future of Afghanistan with less intervention from the Soviets.
May 17, 1989	Diary of Teimuraz Stepanov-Mamaladze, 17 May 1989 Teimuraz Stepanov-Mamaladze diary entry, describing negotiations between China and a USSR delegation. The negotiations cover border issues, Soviet assistance in improving relations between India and Nepal, and Afghanistan, among other issues. Following the negotiations, Mamaladze describes protesters, "two hundred thousand strong," and notes that the movement has grown beyond just students.
January 21, 1980	Telegram from the Romanian Embassy in Berlin to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, January 21, 1980, 017019, Secret A description of North Korea's stance towards solving the Korean reunification problem, especially in relation with foreign attention to domestic political issues of South Korea.
July 2, 1987	Record of Conversation between M.S. Gorbachev and Prime Minister R. Gandhi Gorbachev and Rajiv Gandhi meet to discuss various issues. Begin by noting the effect of Western radio propaganda within both India and Soviet Union. Gorbachev notes the "voices" of Western radio stations broadcasting in the Soviet Union, aiming to undermine perestroika. After touching on economic initiatives in India, Gandhi singles out, among problems in India, the "weakening of public morals." Blames this problem on the "onslaught of the Western--and first and foremost, American-- mass media." Both sides criticize militarism at base of US foreign policy, and US emphasis on rolling back communism. Conversation concludes with analysis of Afghanistan situation; Gorbachev explains measure USSR is taking to solidify Afghan government, and Gandhi recommends caution when dealing with tribal factor in Afghanistan. Both sides speak on Pakistan's reaction to situation.