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Sino-Soviet Relations

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

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China

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Portrait of Mao Zedong from propaganda poster

Mao, Zedong

1893- 1976

Sino-Soviet Alliance, 1950-1959

A photo of Joseph Stalin from 1943

Stalin, Joseph

1879- 1953

Photograph of Zhou Enlai in 1972.

Zhou, Enlai

1898- 1976

Pyongyang photographed in March 20212

East Asia

North Korea

Photograph of 38th parallel crossing during Korean War

Korean War, 1950-1953

Sino-Soviet Split, 1960-1984

Chinese troops cross the Yalu River, 1950, to fight in the Korean War.

China and the Korean War

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Making of the Sino-Soviet Alliance, 1945-1950

Kim Il Sung, 1978

Kim, Il Sung

1912- 1994

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Krasovsky

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Nikita Khrushchev at the UNGA, 1962.

Khrushchev, Nikita Sergeevich

1894- 1971

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China

Manchuria

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June 10, 1977	Information on the Chinese Question for the Leaderships of the Fraternal Parties of the Socialist Countries A report on China's growing anti-Soviet policies since the death of Mao Zedong, the potential for a Sino-Soviet war, border disputes with the Soviet Union, and Chinese relations with the United States, Western Europe, Japan, Southeast Asia, and the "Third World." They also discuss the Soviet strategy in response to these events.
April 8, 1991	Third Round of Soviet-Chinese Negotiations: A Mutual Reduction of Armed Forces and a Strengthening of Confidence in the Military Field in the Border Region This document discusses lessons learned from dealing with the Chinese in the previous two rounds of negotiations regarding the reduction of military presence at the Sino-Soviet border and the plan to jointly produce a draft general agreement on the issue.
January 6, 1970	Embassy of the GDR in the PR China, 'Note about the “Club Meeting” of the Ambassadors and Acting Ambassadors of Hungary, the GDR, Czechoslovakia, the USSR, Poland, Bulgaria, and Mongolia on 19 December 1969 in the Embassy of Mongolia' Ambassadors to China from Hungary, the German Democratic Republic, Czechoslovakia, the Soviet Union, Poland, Bulgaria, and Mongolia discuss Chinese preparations for war, Maoist groups in Western Europe and Japan, and other aspects of Chinese foreign policy.
September 6, 1952	Report, Zhou Enlai to Chairman Mao [Zedong] and the Central Committee Zhou Enlai and Stalin discuss Soviet assistance for the Chinese economy and military.
September 2, 1952	Report, Zhou Enlai to the Chairman [Mao Zedong] and the Central Committee Zhou Enlai and Peng Dehuai try to persuade Kim Il Sung to fight until the United States proposes negotiations.
September 7, 1968	CSSR Embassy Peking, 'Position of the Chinese People’s Republic regarding the Occupation of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic, Comments in CPR Press and the Attitude of CPR Organs toward Our Representative Office in Peking' Account of the CPR's position regarding the Soviet occupation of the CSSR through press statements and statements by officials.
1967	CSSR Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 'Information: The Most Recent Developments in the Chinese People’s Republic and the CSSR-Chinese Relations' Extensive account of CSSR-Chinese relations, including controversy surrounding the Cultural Revolution and Chinese extremism, anti-Soviet proclivities within the Chinese leadership, and the Chinese hydrogen bomb test on June 17th.
July 13, 1950	Cable No. 3355, Filippov [Stalin] to the Soviet Ambassador, Peking Stalin tells Mao that the British have been pressuring the Soviets to help for the North Koreans to withdraw to the 38th peril, and the Soviets are offended by this, and to want to insist on Soviet and PRC participation in the Security Council to resolve the issue. He also informs Mao of his willingness to send more planes, and more pilots to help train Chinese forces.
February 3, 1949	Cable, Filippov [Stalin] to Anastas Mikoyan Cable from Stalin to Mikoyan, sent with the intent to be passed on to Mao Zedong. Stalin expresses pleasure with the Chinese control of China's peasantry and students, but expresses disappointment that the CCP does not control the majority of the working class. Stalin advises that China turn its big cities into bases for communism, and then gives more specific advice for gaining a majority among the working class. Stalin then responds to Mao's request for weapons, explaining that the USSR doesn't have anti-tank and anti-aircraft weapons of foreign make, but can send Russian-made weapons.
September 1991	Report by S. Goncharov for the Russian Leadership on the Question of the Current Situation in Relations between Russia and China (Excerpt) S. Goncharov describes the lessons the Soviet Union drew from China's suppression of the student protests in Beijing in spring 1989.