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Sino-Soviet Relations

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Sino-Soviet Split, 1960-1984

Portrait of Mao Zedong from propaganda poster

Mao, Zedong

1893- 1976

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Photograph of Zhou Enlai in 1972.

Zhou, Enlai

1898- 1976

Sino-Soviet Alliance, 1950-1959

A photo of Joseph Stalin from 1943

Stalin, Joseph

1879- 1953

Interkit, 1966-1987

Pyongyang photographed in March 20212

East Asia

North Korea

Placeholder image for when a places image is not available

East Asia

Mongolia

Trade agreement between European Economic Community and China

China-Europe Relations

Zhao Ziyang on a tour of East Germany in June 1987.

China-Eastern Europe Relations

Japan's Itsukushima Shrine

East Asia

Japan

Deng Xiaoping, 1979.

Deng, Xiaoping

1904- 1997

Portrait of T.V. Soong, 1945

Soong, T. V. (Tzu-wen)

1894- 1971

Nikita Khrushchev at the UNGA, 1962.

Khrushchev, Nikita Sergeevich

1894- 1971

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April 1984	Central Intelligence Agency, Directorate of Intelligence, 'Briefing Material for the President's Trip to China' Includes memoranda on "China's Independent Foreign Policy in Perspective," "The Foreign Policy Positions of China's Senior Leaders," "Deng-Zhao with Brzezinski--An Assessment," "Sino-Soviet Relations," "China and a Korean Dialogue," "Sino-Soviet Trade and Economic Relations," "China and Japan: Building for the Long Haul," "China's Taiwan Policy," "China-Southeast Asia," "China: Leadership and Succession," "China: Economic Reforms," "US-China Economic Relations," "China: Expanding Market for US Energy Firms," "China: Nuclear Power Prospects," and "China: Changes in Military Industrial Development Policy-Implications for the United States."
April 14, 1969	Record of Furui-Zhou Enlai Meeting Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai and Japanese Diet member Furui Yoshimi discuss bilateral relations between China and Japan. Zhou is critical of both the Soviet Union and the United States. The two sides pay particular attention to Japan's relations with Taiwan.
January 28, 1957	Gazette of the State Council of the People's Republic of China, 1957, No. 4 (Overall Issue No. 77) This issue features content on China's relations with the Soviet Union, Hungary, Afghanistan, and Hong Kong. It also has sections on tax relief and loan assistance for poor production teams and military, prevention and treatment of Kashin-Beck Disease, the collection of revolutionary history archives, regulations on production, business, infrastructure, and Soviet activities, and village transfer and reassignment.
April 16, 1956	Gazette of the State Council of the People's Republic of China, 1956, No. 14 (Overall Issue No. 40) In this issue, Zhou Enlai congratulates the Prime Minister of Morocco, Mbarek Bekkay, and the Prime Minister of Tunisia, Tahar Ben Ammar, after both countries won their independence. One section announces a Sino-North Vietnamese civilian air transport service agreement; while another features a Sino-Soviet agreement to develop various industries and build a railway between Lanzhou and Aktogay (now in Kazakhstan). Finally, other sections discuss managing cooperatives, higher education, and provincial administrative concerns.
January 16, 1956	Gazette of the State Council of the People's Republic of China, 1956, No. 02 (Overall Issue No. 28) This issue begins with an announcement from the Chinese, Mongolian, and Soviet governments about the completion of a connective railway. Zhou Enlai and the Chinese government also recognize the independence of Sudan. Other sections discuss the ongoing Sino-American ambassadorial talks, retirement and sick leave benefits for state employees, and the simplification of Chinese characters.
December 30, 1955	Gazette of the State Council of the People's Republic of China, 1955, No. 23 (Overall Issue No. 26) This issue begins with a statement about the American violation of the Sino-U.S. ambassadorial agreement to repatriate citizens held in either country. It also discusses a Sino-Soviet agreement to combat crop diseases and to engage in pest control. Other sections cover light industries, art and cultural work in factories and mines, and protections for young people.
March 18, 1955	Gazette of the State Council of the People's Republic of China, 1955, No. 2 (Overall Issue No. 5) This issue marks the fifth anniversary of the Sino-Soviet Friendship and Mutual Assistance Alliance Treaty. It also contains telegrams that Zhou Enlai and UN Secretary-General Dag Hammarskjöld sent to each other regarding PRC participation in a UN Security Council meeting, which would discuss New Zealand. Other telegrams and reports discuss plans for the Bandung Asian-African Conference, the distribution of new renminbi currency, taxes, and postal fees.
March 1, 1955	Gazette of the State Council of the People's Republic of China, 1954, No. 1 (Overall Issue No. 1) This issue features content on China's cooperation with the Soviet Union, Mongolia, India, Albania, and Ceylon (Sri Lanka). It also has sections on Taiwan, education, economic policies, and railroad development.
June 16, 1966	Letter, USSR Ministry of Finance to the Ministry of Finance of the Chinese People’s Republic, Beijing The USSR balked at China’s desire for a refund of money contributed to the Joint Institute of Nuclear Research (JINR) after it decided to pull out of the institute.
March 26, 1980	Embassy of the GDR in the USSR, 'Information on Some Issues of China's Current Policy' A discussion of the 5th Plenary Session of the CCP Central Committee and power struggles within the Chinese government, China's development targets, and foreign policy strategies, especially with the Soviet Union.