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Photograph of Helmut Kohl, 1982.

Kohl, Helmut

1930- 2017

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Western Europe

Germany

Helmut Kohl addresses the United Nations, June 1997.

Helmut Kohl Transcripts

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Mikhail Gorbachev, 1986

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich

1931- 2022

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

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Hartmann, Peter

1935-

Official portrait for President George H.W. Bush, 1989.

Bush, George H.W.

1924- 2018

Boris Yeltsin at the United Nations, October 1995

Yeltsin, Boris

1931- 2007

The Kremlin, Russia

Eastern Europe

Russia

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Western Europe

France

François Mitterrand in 1983

Mitterrand, François

1916- 1996

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Eastern Europe

Yugoslavia

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Gulf War, 1990-1991

Photograph of Gorbachev-Bush summit at Malta, 1989

End of the Cold War

German Reunification

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February 6, 1992	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Meeting with the American Jewish Committee on 4 February 1992 Kohl and the American Jewish Committee discuss the challenge of potential nuclear proliferation after the Soviet Union's disintegration. They scrutinize the problem of increasing xenophobia in Germany after unification.
January 16, 1992	Conversation between the Head of the Chancellor’s Office, Federal Minister Friedrich Bohl, and Russian Foreign Minister Andrei Kozyrev, 15 January 1992, 13.00 Hours Bohl and Kozyrev talk through the potential proliferation of nuclear and chemical weapons after the demise of the Soviet Union. Moreover, they consult on the reduction of tactical and strategic nuclear weapons.
December 23, 1991	Conversation between the Head of the Chancellor’s Office, Federal Minister Bohl, and Ukrainian Foreign Minister Zlenko on 21 December 1991, 9.00 - 10.00 Hours Bohl and Zlenko analyze the situation in the immediate aftermath of the Soviet Union's formal dissolution. They disuss the fate of the remaining nuclear weapons and armaments in Ukraine and the prospects for their dismantlement. They also review plans for the withdrawal of "Soviet" soldiers from Germany and their return to Ukraine.
December 20, 1991	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Conversation with President Mikhail S. Gorbachev, Friday, 20 December 1991, 09.30 - 09.40 Hours Kohl and Gorbachev look into the situation on the eve of the Soviet Union's disintegration.
December 9, 1991	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Meeting with Croatian President Franjo Tudjman on Thursday, 6 December 1991 Kohl and Tudman examine the situation in the Yugoslavia War and the state of EC sanctions against Yugoslavia. They discuss Germany's forthcoming recognition of Croatia. In addition, they review the correlation of military forces between Croatia and the Yugoslavian People's Army.
December 3, 1991	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Meeting with the President of Slovenia, Milan Kucan, Bonn, 3 December 1991, 11.00 - 12.10 Hours Kohl and Kucan debate plans for Germany's recognition of Slovenia prior to Christmas, but not before the convocation of the EC Ministerial Council in Maastricht in order to avoid public debate within the EC. Kohl reiterates his willingness to bring Mitterrand around on this issue.
December 3, 1991	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Telephone Conversation with President Mikhail Gorbachev, Tuesday, 3 December 1991, 14:05 – 14:15 Hours Kohl and Gorbachev talk about Ukraine's desire for independence and its ramifications. They also examine Gorbachev's ideas for further reforms in the Soviet Union.
November 25, 1991	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Meeting with the President of Bosnia-Hercegovina, Mr. Alia Izetbegovic, Bonn, 22 November 1991, 12.00 - 13.10 Hours Kohl and Izetbegovic discuss the Yugoslavia War, EC sanctions, the potential extension of the war including Bosnia-Hercegovina as well as ideas for a "Marshall Plan" after the end of the war.
November 25, 1991	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Meeting with Russian President Yeltsin on Thursday, 21 November 1991 Kohl and Yeltsin discuss Russia-Ukraine relations, Russian debt and finance issues, the question of Volga-Germans and the release of Honecker from the Chilean embassy.
November 13, 1991	The Chancellor's [Helmut Kohl's] Meeting with Spanish Prime Minister Felipe Gonzales on Wednesday, 13 November 1991 Kohl and Gonzalez discuss the implications of the Yugoslav War on the cohesion of the European Community. Both have a shared concern that the EC could be torn apart. Eventually, they discuss preparations for the European Council in Maastricht in December 1991.